Major
These are factions that must eliminate each other to win.
Includes Town, Mafia, Serial Killer, Cult
Minor
These are factions that don't always pose a threat to other factions or can win early.
Includes 3P
Uninformed
These are factions that do not know of the alignment of other players as a vanilla part of their role.
Includes Town, Serial Killer, Third Party
Informed
These are factions that do know the alignment of other players as a vanilla part of their role. They may be omniscient (for instance in singleball games where scum knows obviously who is town or not) or merely know of their own faction members (like in an Idea game.)
Includes Mafia, Cult
Town-Type
Are plural, as a group, uninformed, and possess no factional kill.
Scum-Type
Are plural, as a group, informed, and possess a regular factional kill.
Alien-Type
Are plural, as a group, informed, and possess a gated or limited factional kill, but get ties in endgame.
Killer-Type
Are singular, uninformed, and possess some form of kill.
Cult-Type
Able to recruit more members into itself. Do not possess a factional kill usually.
Survivor-Type
Singular, uninformed, and must accomplish a goal which does not affect the outcome of the game (usually.)